Laravel 10 Daily Weekly Monthly Automatic Database Backup

Sometimes we work on large websites with important data. so we most of the need to take database backup every day, weekly or monthly. so we must need to cron schedule to get database backup.

Step 1: Install Laravel

In this step, if you haven't laravel application setup then we have to get a fresh laravel application. So run the below command and get a clean fresh laravel application. 

composer create-project laravel/laravel blog

Step 2: Create Command

In this step, we will create DatabaseBackUp console command using laravel artisan command. so let's run bellow command: 

php artisan make:command DatabaseBackUp

Now, created DatabaseBackUp.php file on console directory. so let's update that file with daily update code.

app/Console/Commands/DatabaseBackUp.php

<?php
  
    namespace App\Console\Commands;
      
    use Illuminate\Console\Command;
      
    class DatabaseBackUp extends Command
    {
        /**
         * The name and signature of the console command.
         *
         * @var string
         */
        protected $signature = 'database:backup';
        
        /**
         * The console command description.
         *
         * @var string
         */
        protected $description = 'Command description';
      
        /**
         * Execute the console command.
         */
        public function handle(): void
        {
            $filename = "backup-" . now()->format('Y-m-d') . ".gz";
        
            $command = "mysqldump --user=" . env('DB_USERNAME') ." --password=" . env('DB_PASSWORD') . " --host=" . env('DB_HOST') . " " . env('DB_DATABASE') . "  | gzip > " . storage_path() . "/app/backup/" . $filename;
        
            $returnVar = NULL;
            $output  = NULL;
        
            exec($command, $output, $returnVar);
        }
    }

Step 3: Create Backup Folder

In this step, we need to create "backup" folder in your storage folder. you must have to create "backup" on following path: 

storage/app/backup

Make sure you give permission to put backup file.

Step 4: Schedule Command 

Now, in this step, we need to schedule our created command. so let's update kernel file as like bellow:

app/Console/Kernel.php

<?php
  
    namespace App\Console;
      
    use Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule;
    use Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel as ConsoleKernel;
      
    class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
    {
        /**
         * Define the application's command schedule.
         */
        protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule): void
        {
            $schedule->command('database:backup')
                     ->daily();
        }
      
        /**
         * Register the commands for the application.
         */
        protected function commands(): void
        {
            $this->load(__DIR__.'/Commands');
        
            require base_path('routes/console.php');
        }
    }

you can check manually with following command to getting database backup with this command:

php artisan database:backup

It will create one backup file on your backup folder. you can check there.

Setup on Server:

Now, we are ready to setup cron on our server.

At last you can manage this command on scheduling task, you have to add a single entry to your server’s crontab file:

Run following command:

crontab -e

You can add following line to your crontab file. you have to change folder path.

* * * * * php /path/to/artisan schedule:run 1>> /dev/null 2>&1
   
    OR
      
    * * * * * cd /path-to-your-project && php artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1

Thank You